The 1771 Great Yaeyama Tsunami (also called 明和の大津波, the Great Tsunami of Meiwa) was caused by the Yaeyama Great Earthquake at about 8 A.M. on April 24, 1771, south-southeast of Ishigaki Island, part of the former Ryūkyū Kingdom and now part of present-day Okinawa, Japan.According to records, 8,439 people were killed on Ishigaki …The Ryukyu spiny rat (Tokudaia osimensis) is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. Endemic to Amami Ōshima island in the Amami Islands of the Ryukyu archipelago of Japan, its natural habitat is subtropical moist broadleaf forest. The karyotype has an odd diploid number, 2n = 25. Like its relative T. tokunoshimensis, it has lost its Y …Detailed bathymetry and magnetic anomalies in the southern part of the Central Ryukyu Arc reveal recent volcanic structures in a southwestward extension of the active volcanic front of the Ryukyu Arc. A line of bathymetric highs running subparallel to this recent volcanic front was observed approximately 20 km to the east. A set of small, …Ryukyu is located in a superb position in the southern ocean. It gathers to itself the excellence of Korea. It treats Great Ming as a close associate and with Japan it is as close as lips and teeth. It is the Island of Eternal Youth that arises from their [China, Japan, Korea] midst.Apr 16, 2024 · Japan opened its ports after signing the Treaty of Kanagawa with the US in 1854 and began to intensively modernize and industrialize. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Japan became a regional power that was able to defeat the forces of both China and Russia. It occupied Korea, Formosa (Taiwan), and southern Sakhalin Island. Ryukyu in her dragon form. Enhanced Strength: Ryuko's dragon form gives her great strength, which she demonstrated by blocking Rikiya Katsukame's punch, a large yakuza member who also has increased strength, and then smashing him into the ground. Later, despite her stamina having been drained, she was able to grapple with him for a few …Synonyms [1] [2] Diplothrix legatus. Lenothrix legata Thomas, 1906. The Ryukyu long-tailed giant rat or Ryukyu rat ( Diplothrix legata) is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is the only extant species in the genus Diplothrix. It is found only in the Ryukyu Islands of Japan. Its natural habitat is temperate forests.The Ryūkyūans are a group of indigenous peoples living in the Ryūkyū archipelago, which stretches southwest of the main Japanese island of Kyūshū towards Taiwan. The largest … Nakijin Castle Ruins. The Nakijin Castle Ruins are located on the Motobu Peninsula in northern Okinawa Honto. The castle served as the seat of the northern kings before the island was united into the Ryukyu Kingdom in the 15th century. The barely populated hillside and wild forests around the ruins give Nakijin Castle a unique character. Ryukyu Golden Kings (琉球ゴールデンキングス, Ryūkyū Gōruden Kingusu) are a Japanese professional basketball team based in Okinawa City, Okinawa. They compete in the B.League , the top-tier professional basketball league of Japan . Long ago, ancient mariners successfully navigated a perilous ocean journey to arrive at Japan’s Ryukyu Islands, a new study suggests. Archaeological sites on six of these isles — part of a ...Ryukyu Islands, archipelago, extending some 700 miles (1,100 km) southwestward from the southern Japanese island of Kyushu …Ryukyu Islands is an archipelago in Kin Chō, Kunigami District, Okinawa. Ryukyu Islands is situated nearby to Henoko and Toyohara. Mapcarta, the open map.Ryukyu Japan Karate, is dedicated to the teaching of traditional Okinawan Karate local comunity Poway, Rancho Bernardo, Rancho Panasquitos and the greater San Diego. Our dojo focus on both compition sport and also the training of Karate for Discipline, Teamwork, and Leadership. We are the only Karate studio that you can fine in the greater San …Mar 11, 2021 · Japan's mysterious underwater 'city'. Below the waves off the coast of Japan’s Ryukyu Islands, a series of curious pyramid-like formations have captivated divers and geologists since the site ... Ingesting fish contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs) originating from epibenthic dinoflagellates causes ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP). CFP occurs mainly in the tropical and subtropical Indo–Pacific region and the Caribbean Sea. Furthermore, it occurs sporadically in Japan, especially in the Ryukyu Islands between Taiwan and Kyushu, …Ryukyu Golden Kings matches tab is showing the last 100 basketball games with statistics and win/lose icons. There are also all Ryukyu Golden Kings scheduled matches that they are going to play in the future. Current Ryukyu Golden Kings players. The current Ryukyu Golden Kings roster, stats and player performance can be found on this page.Calcareous nannofossil and sedimentological studies of the Pleistocene Ryukyu Group, based on 13 cores and surface outcrops on Irabu-jima and Shimoji-jima, the Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan, suggest that these sediments were deposited at 1.5–0.3 Ma and unconformably overlie the Pliocene Shimajiri Group. The Ryukyu Group …Jul 13, 2022 · *First broadcast on July 14, 2022. Okinawa Prefecture is a group of subtropical islands in the far south of Japan. It was previously a prosperous maritime trading state called the Ryukyu Kingdom. from kume island, ryukyu, japan. a risa s eki, 1,2 y usuke y okoy ama, 1,2,3 * a tsushi s uzuki, 4 y ut a k aw akubo, 1,2 t akashi o kai, 4. y osuke m iy airi, 1 h iroyuki m atsuzaki, 5 n aoko n ...Description: group of islands under Japanese control, consisting of the Sakishima Islands, the Okinawa Islands and sometimes the Amami Islands. Categories: island group, … Ryukyu Japan Karate, is dedicated to the teaching of traditional Okinawan Karate local comunity Poway, Rancho Bernardo, Rancho Panasquitos and the greater San Diego. Our dojo focus on both compition sport and also the training of Karate for Discipline, Teamwork, and Leadership. We are the only Karate studio that you can fine in the greater San Diego area that has such a big group of competitor ... Its predecessor was the Ryukyu Kingdom, an independent nation until 1879. Japan has de facto control over the disputed Senkaku Islands, claiming them as part of Ishigaki City in Okinawa Prefecture. However, they are not geographically within the Ryukyu Archipelago, being located further westward in the East China Sea. Okinawa IslandsNews. April 8,2024 Safety and Health Manual. March 5,2024 Regarding the University of the Ryukyus Entrance Ceremony for the Academic Year 2024. February 9,2024 …Jan 30, 2024 · The house shrew (Suncus murinus–S. montanus species complex) colonized regions across southern Asia and the Indian Ocean following human activity. The house shrew is distributed on islands of the Ryukyu Archipelago, the southernmost part of Japan, but the evolutionary history of the shrew on those islands and possible associations between these populations and humans remain unknown. In this ... Mar 1, 2024 · We investigated the food composition of the Southeast Asian Rhacophorid frog species Polypedates leucomystax, an invasive species introduced to Okinawajima in the Ryukyu Archipelago, during their breeding activities and the month immediately after that. We examined the stomach contents of 190 males and 54 females, uncovering 215 prey items (including at least 56 species) from 113 males and 21 ... Adopting the interdisciplinary approaches of recent Japanese scholarship, Maritime Ryukyu presents a new history of the region, treating the Ryukyu islands not …Devil’s Hole cave (“Akuma-no-yakata” in Japanese), Shimoji Island (west of Irabu Island), Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Found in the anchialine, innermost two-thirds part of the cave with salinities of 10–22‰. Likely epibenthic, collected at 2–24 m depth with plankton towing above cave floor with rocks, boulders, and fine silt, with slurp gun in …Sep 26, 2013 · Since the Ryukyu Kingdom was a tributary state of the Chinese Ming Dynasty, they refused the request. This ticked off Japan, so in 1609 the feudal lord of Satsuma invaded the Ryukyu Islands and put an end to the kingdom's prosperity. The king was kidnapped, and the Ryukyu Kingdom was forced to swear allegiance to Satsuma. Thebirthplace of King Eiso. Okinawa Prefecture – once called the Ryukyu Kingdom – has formed its own unique culture. Around the 14th century, the Ryukyu Kingdom was divided into three small principalities – Hokuzan, Chuzan, and Nanzan – with a conflict waged over Okinawa Island. The most powerful among them was Chuzan, which was based ... The massive stone structure is the tomb of the successive royal families of the Kingdom of Ryukyu, and the inside of the tomb is paved with coral reef fragments. At the center of the structure and in the east and west towers stand lion statues called Shisa. China - Japan, Ryukyu, Islands: Three years after the Meiji Restoration of 1868—which inaugurated a period of modernization and political change in Japan—a commercial treaty was signed between China and Japan, and it was ratified in 1873. Understandably it was reciprocal, because both signatories had a similar unequal status vis-à-vis the Western …The Nansei-Shoto (Ryukyu) Trench is a part of the subduction margins of the Philippine Sea Plate. The seismic potential at the trench, especially in the central portion, had been thought to be low. On the contrary, our seafloor crustal deformation measurements depicted a zone of strong coupling between the overriding and subducting plates at the …The Ryukyu Domain (琉球藩, Ryūkyū han) was a short-lived domain of the Empire of Japan, lasting from 1872 to 1879, before becoming the current Okinawa Prefecture and other islands [citation needed] at the Pacific edge of the East China Sea.. When the domain was created in 1872, Japan's feudal han system had developed in unique ways. The …Synonyms [1] [2] Diplothrix legatus. Lenothrix legata Thomas, 1906. The Ryukyu long-tailed giant rat or Ryukyu rat ( Diplothrix legata) is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is the only extant species in the genus Diplothrix. It is found only in the Ryukyu Islands of Japan. Its natural habitat is temperate forests.Sep 26, 2013 · Since the Ryukyu Kingdom was a tributary state of the Chinese Ming Dynasty, they refused the request. This ticked off Japan, so in 1609 the feudal lord of Satsuma invaded the Ryukyu Islands and put an end to the kingdom's prosperity. The king was kidnapped, and the Ryukyu Kingdom was forced to swear allegiance to Satsuma. Regarding 2: You need to become Mayan because you won't be tribal to reform otherwise. It's a lot of trouble but being a horde is the most broken thing for WC in the game. Top level player like Lamda argue that even with mechanics like HRE, Shogunate or tags like Mughals Kara Del would still be better for a fast WC.Brief synthesis. Five hundred years of Ryukyuan history (12th-17th centuries) are represented by this group of sites and monuments. The nine component parts of the …Founded 2003 Address Yamashita-cho 900-0027 Naha Country Japan Phone +81 (98) 936 0077Japanese islands outlined. Japan is an island country of 14,125 islands, of which approximately 260 are inhabited. Japan is the fourth-largest island country in the world, behind Indonesia, Madagascar, and Papua New …Apr 25, 2017 · The Ryukyu Islands are a chain of islands (archipelago) in Japan that stretches for a distance of 1,100 kilometers southwestwards from the Japanese island of Kyushu towards northeastern Taiwan. The Ryukyu Islands cover a land area of approximately 3,090 square kilometers, and this area demarcates the boundary between the Philippine Sea in the ... Ryukyuans are not a recognized minority group in Japan, as Japanese authorities consider them a subgroup of the Japanese people, akin to the Yamato people. Although officially … Nakijin Castle Ruins. The Nakijin Castle Ruins are located on the Motobu Peninsula in northern Okinawa Honto. The castle served as the seat of the northern kings before the island was united into the Ryukyu Kingdom in the 15th century. The barely populated hillside and wild forests around the ruins give Nakijin Castle a unique character. The Ryukyuan are the largest minority group in Japan, with about 1.3 million living in Okinawa alone and another 300,000 elsewhere in or outside the country, mostly in Hawaii. The Ryukyu Kingdom was an independent kingdom that ruled most of the Ryukyu from the 15th to the 19th century. The kings of Ryukyu successfully unified Okinawa … Ryukyu Mura (Ryukyu Village, 琉球村) is a small theme park about traditional Okinawan culture in the form of a recreated village from the times of the Ryukyu Kingdom. The village includes a traditional residence with a red tiled roof and surrounding stone walls for protection against typhoons, a shrine and various workshops where visitors ... Japan is a member of both the G7 and the G20.. A member state of the United Nations since 1956, Japan is one of the G4 countries seeking reform of the Security Council. [125] Japan is a member of the G7, APEC, and "ASEAN Plus Three", and is a participant in the East Asia Summit. [126] It is the world's fifth-largest donor of official development …Published. 24 March 2023. Abstract. We review the genus Anacaena Thomson, 1859 from the Ryukyu Archipelago, southern Japan. Three aquatic species are recognised: A. torikaii sp. nov. from Amami ...Ryukyu Karate in Okinawa. Practice authentic karate in its homeland. Okinawa is the birthplace of karate, a sport with countless practitioners across the world. Learn the local …Ryukyu Mura is a collection of old houses assembled in a theme park in Onna-son, the middle of Okinawa Honto just over one hour north of Naha by car or bus. Take a step back in time to Okinawa a hundred years ago, where buffalo driven carts and old villages milling sugar cane were more common place. While parts of the park appear …However, many species endemic to the Ryukyu Archipelago south of the Tokara Gap have frost tolerance equivalent to widespread species from mainland Japan to the Ryukyu Archipelago (Sakai Citation 1977), indicating that their distributions are not limited by climate. Therefore, if it were not for the Tokara Gap (and the Osumi Strait, see …Ryukyuan music (琉球音楽, Ryūkyū ongaku), also called Nanto music (南島歌謡, Nantō kayō), is an umbrella term that encompasses diverse musical traditions of the Amami, Okinawa, Miyako and Yaeyama Islands of southwestern Japan.The term of "Southern Islands" (南島, Nantō) is preferred by scholars in this field. The word "Ryūkyū" originally … News. April 8,2024 Safety and Health Manual. March 5,2024 Regarding the University of the Ryukyus Entrance Ceremony for the Academic Year 2024. February 9,2024 Regarding the University of the Ryukyus Graduation Ceremony for the Academic Year 2023. The Ryukyu Islands are classified into South, Middle, and North Ryukyu Islands, based on a historical land connection about 200–40 thousand years ago (Kimura 2000). At that time, Nakanokamishima Island, Iriomotejima Island, and the Ishigakijima Islands (i.e., the South Ryukyu Islands) were connected with continental Asia including …Jul 7, 2021 · Straddling a lucrative trade route between empires, the island realm of Ryukyu surrendered its sovereignty to Japan in 1609. Commodore Matthew Perry. Conspicuously dressed in a gold-embroidered blue frock coat with epaulets, the U.S. Navy flag officer carefully wandered through weathered stone ruins on the East China Sea island of Okinawa. Adopting the interdisciplinary approaches of recent Japanese scholarship, Maritime Ryukyu presents a new history of the region, treating the Ryukyu islands not …The biogeographical history of Asian keelback snakes of the genus Hebius (Squamata: Colubridae: Natricinae) in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Takuma Kaito, Corresponding Author. Takuma Kaito. Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213 Japan. …Ryukyu Islands, archipelago, extending some 700 miles (1,100 km) southwestward from the southern Japanese island of Kyushu …Profile. The Ryūkyūans are a group of indigenous peoples living in the Ryūkyū archipelago, which stretches southwest of the main Japanese island of Kyūshū towards Taiwan. The largest and most populated island of the archipelago, Okinawa Island, is actually closer to Manila, Taipei, Shanghai and Seoul than it is to Tokyo.The Ryukyu Islands are a chain of islands (archipelago) in Japan that stretches for a distance of 1,100 kilometers southwestwards from the Japanese island of Kyushu towards northeastern Taiwan. The Ryukyu Islands cover a land area of approximately 3,090 square kilometers, and this area demarcates the boundary between …Regarding 2: You need to become Mayan because you won't be tribal to reform otherwise. It's a lot of trouble but being a horde is the most broken thing for WC in the game. Top level player like Lamda argue that even with mechanics like HRE, Shogunate or tags like Mughals Kara Del would still be better for a fast WC.The Ryukyu spiny rat (Tokudaia osimensis) is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. Endemic to Amami Ōshima island in the Amami Islands of the Ryukyu archipelago of Japan, its natural habitat is subtropical moist broadleaf forest. The karyotype has an odd diploid number, 2n = 25. Like its relative T. tokunoshimensis, it has lost its Y …Day 3: Get Moving. Fly from Okinawa to Amami Oshima on RAC airlines. Check into the beachfront Bashayamamura resort, about a 15-minute drive from the airport. Ask for one of the rooms on the top floor of the new block. Hit the waves at Tebiro Beach, one of Japan's leading surf spots.Adopting the interdisciplinary approaches of recent Japanese scholarship, Maritime Ryukyu presents a new history of the region, treating the Ryukyu islands not …Behold the Ryukyu Islands, an archipelago that stretches from the southwestern tip of Japan to Taiwan. You may hear buzz about them soon, because they just landed a spot on the New York Times’s famous annual roundup of 52 places to go this year. While they’re last on that list, the Ryukyus are certainly first on ours: The Ryukus …Oct 4, 2023 · Natural selection signatures across Japanese subpopulations are under-explored. Here we conducted genome-wide selection scans with 622,926 single nucleotide polymorphisms for 20,366 Japanese individuals, who were recruited from the main-islands of Japanese Archipelago (Hondo) and the Ryukyu Archipelago (Ryukyu), representing two major Japanese ... Detailed bathymetry and magnetic anomalies in the southern part of the Central Ryukyu Arc reveal recent volcanic structures in a southwestward extension of the active volcanic front of the Ryukyu Arc. A line of bathymetric highs running subparallel to this recent volcanic front was observed approximately 20 km to the east. A set of small, …The biogeographical history of Asian keelback snakes of the genus Hebius (Squamata: Colubridae: Natricinae) in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Takuma Kaito, Corresponding Author. Takuma Kaito. Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213 Japan. …China - Japan, Ryukyu, Islands: Three years after the Meiji Restoration of 1868—which inaugurated a period of modernization and political change in Japan—a commercial treaty was signed between China and Japan, and it was ratified in 1873. Understandably it was reciprocal, because both signatories had a similar unequal status vis-à-vis the Western …The Ryukyu Kingdom lasted for more than 400 years, and was characterized by booming trade with Japan, China, and other Asian countries like the Philippines and Thailand. This confluence of cultures in one place gave birth to unique traditions that continue to define Okinawa’s island culture.Dec 20, 2023 · While searching our database we found 1 possible solution for the: Health regimen modeled on the cuisine of Japans Ryukyu Islands crossword clue. This crossword clue was last seen on December 20 2023 LA Times Crossword puzzle. The solution we have for Health regimen modeled on the cuisine of Japans Ryukyu Islands has a total of 11 letters. Answer. The invasion of Ryukyu (琉球侵攻, Ryūkyū Shinkō) by forces of the Japanese feudal domain of Satsuma took place from March to May of 1609, and marked the beginning of the Ryukyu Kingdom's status as a vassal state under the Satsuma domain. The invasion force was met with stiff resistance from the Ryukyuan military on all but one island during the …Profile. The Ryūkyūans are a group of indigenous peoples living in the Ryūkyū archipelago, which stretches southwest of the main Japanese island of Kyūshū towards Taiwan. The largest and most populated island of the archipelago, Okinawa Island, is actually closer to Manila, Taipei, Shanghai and Seoul than it is to Tokyo. The other 14,120 islands are classified as "remote islands" by the Japanese government. The Ryukyu Islands and Nanpō Islands are south and east of the main islands. The territory covers 377,973.89 km 2 (145,936.53 sq mi). It is the fourth-largest island country in the world and the largest island country in East Asia. Introduction. The genus Goniurosaurus Barbour, 1908 is a group of East Asian eyelid geckos, currently consisting of 26 extant species or subspecies (Grismer et al., 1994, 1999; Zhu et al., 2021).The species in the central part of the Ryukyu Archipelago (Central Ryukyus) in Japan are geographically isolated approximately 1,500-km away from the … Ryukyu Golden Kings (琉球ゴールデンキングス, Ryūkyū Gōruden Kingusu) are a Japanese professional basketball team based in Okinawa City, Okinawa. They compete in the B.League , the top-tier professional basketball league of Japan . Adopting the interdisciplinary approaches of recent Japanese scholarship, Maritime Ryukyu presents a new history of the region, treating the Ryukyu islands not …The Ryukyu of this period, during which the kingdom was created through territorial expansion and military strength, coeval with Japan’s early feudal age, is known as “Old Ryukyu” (Ko Ryūkyū). From Japan’s point of view, Old Ryukyu was “other”; it was a “foreign land” and thus distinct from all other territories within Japan ...
The Ryukyu robin ( Larvivora komadori) is a bird endemic to the Ryūkyū Islands, of Japan. [2] The Okinawa robin ( Larvivora namiyei) previously was considered a subspecies. [3] The specific name komadori is, somewhat confusingly, the common name of its relative the Japanese robin in Japanese . The Ryukyu robin, together with the Japanese .... Game on heart
Request PDF | On Jan 1, 2009, H. Suzuki published A molecular phylogenetic view of mammals in the "three-story museum" of Hokkaido, Honshu, and Ryukyu Islands, Japan | Find, read and cite all the ...Dec 20, 2023 · While searching our database we found 1 possible solution for the: Health regimen modeled on the cuisine of Japans Ryukyu Islands crossword clue. This crossword clue was last seen on December 20 2023 LA Times Crossword puzzle. The solution we have for Health regimen modeled on the cuisine of Japans Ryukyu Islands has a total of 11 letters. Answer. Mar 11, 2021 · Japan's mysterious underwater 'city'. Below the waves off the coast of Japan’s Ryukyu Islands, a series of curious pyramid-like formations have captivated divers and geologists since the site ... The Japanese Government, after incorporating the Ryukyu Islands into Okinawa Prefecture, placed the Senkaku Islands in the same prefecture after 1885 surveys (conducted according to the established methods of duly acquiring territorial sovereignty under international law) which showed the islands as terra nullius, i.e., uninhabited with …from kume island, ryukyu, japan. a risa s eki, 1,2 y usuke y okoy ama, 1,2,3 * a tsushi s uzuki, 4 y ut a k aw akubo, 1,2 t akashi o kai, 4. y osuke m iy airi, 1 h iroyuki m atsuzaki, 5 n aoko n ...The Ryukyu robin ( Larvivora komadori) is a bird endemic to the Ryūkyū Islands, of Japan. [2] The Okinawa robin ( Larvivora namiyei) previously was considered a subspecies. [3] The specific name komadori is, somewhat confusingly, the common name of its relative the Japanese robin in Japanese . The Ryukyu robin, together with the Japanese ...The other 14,120 islands are classified as "remote islands" by the Japanese government. The Ryukyu Islands and Nanpō Islands are south and east of the main islands. The territory covers 377,973.89 km 2 (145,936.53 sq mi). It is the fourth-largest island country in the world and the largest island country in East Asia.Traditional Ryukyu village . The island’s most striking feature is its beautifully preserved Ryukyu village. Limestone walls with hibiscus and bougainvillea hedgerows skirt wooden houses with traditional red-tiled roofs. ... Most of the accommodations on the island are cozy guesthouses and minshuku—Japanese-style family-run B&Bs. For visitors who wish to …Ryukyu Islands, archipelago, extending some 700 miles (1,100 km) southwestward from the southern Japanese island of Kyushu …FC Ryukyu previous match was against Giravanz Kitakyushu in J3 League, the match ended with result 2 - 0 (Giravanz Kitakyushu won the match). FC Ryukyu fixtures tab is showing the last 100 football matches with statistics and win/draw/lose icons. There are also all FC Ryukyu scheduled matches that they are going to play in the future.In 1879, Japan declared its intention to annex the Ryukyu Kingdom. China protested and asked former U.S. President Ulysses Grant , then on a diplomatic tour of Asia, to …Dec 20, 2023 · While searching our database we found 1 possible solution for the: Health regimen modeled on the cuisine of Japans Ryukyu Islands crossword clue. This crossword clue was last seen on December 20 2023 LA Times Crossword puzzle. The solution we have for Health regimen modeled on the cuisine of Japans Ryukyu Islands has a total of 11 letters. Answer. Natural selection signatures across Japanese subpopulations are under-explored. Here we conducted genome-wide selection scans with 622,926 single nucleotide polymorphisms for 20,366 Japanese individuals, who were recruited from the main-islands of Japanese Archipelago (Hondo) and the Ryukyu Archipelago (Ryukyu), representing …The biogeographical history of Asian keelback snakes of the genus Hebius (Squamata: Colubridae: Natricinae) in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Takuma Kaito, Corresponding Author. Takuma Kaito. Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213 Japan. ….